Weber Summit Gold C4 NG User Manual

Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesMax Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces RESEARCH REPORT 2011-2012REPORT 2011-2012www.mpikg.mpg.

This report describes the recent activities of the Max PlanckInstitute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPICI), which was found-ed in 1992 and is located i

I. General StrategyInterfaces are most important on one hand tounderstand and control colloidal systemswith their large fraction of specific surfa

The group of H. Riegler has very much refined their opticaland force microscopic observations of nucleation and growthof liquid bubbles on structured

In the joint German-French lab on sonochemistry sonolumi-nescence spectra could be obtained from single bubblesexisting of broad emission of a

Biomimetic or bio-inspired functional materials with orderedorganization at micro- or nanoscale, fabricated from peptidebuilding blocks, are of in

102The surface nanoarchitecture providing spa-tially and temporally resolved stimuli re -sponse of a material and offering definedcontr

Ultrasound has received significant attention in the develop-ment of new functional materials and composite nanostruc-tures due to the distinctive eff

AimsMonomolecular films at the air/water inter-face are interesting model systems to studydifferent problems in biophysics or materialscience. Many pa

105[4] Hoernke, M., Koksch, B. andBrezesinski, G.: Amyloidogenic Peptidesat Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Interfaces:Coordination Affinities and the Chelate

The group’s main activities are focused onexperimental and theoretical work on thethermodynamics and non-equilibrium prop-erties of inte

In contrast to this, the adsorption layers of the studied C16TABhaving the longest alkyl chain in this study, has a differentstructure. The adsorpti

Nano- and microstructures are built up in a hierarchical fash-ion. Especially impressive examples for this „nested” systemarchitecture are found in mi

Hans Riegler 29.01.19551986: PhD in Physics, TechnicalUniversity, Munich1986-1988: Postdoc, Bell Laboratories.1988-1994: Research Group Leader(Habilit

Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations [3]with nucleation templates with edges and grooves explicitlyreveal how the nucleation b

Feedback Active CoatingsDevelopment of multifunctional coatings,which will possess active and rapid feed-back activity in response to changes

Sonication as a Tool for Surface ModificationThe collapse of the critical cavitation microbubble in liquidsunder ultrasonic treatment results in an en

AimsResearch goals of the nano-bio-interfacesgroup are targeted to use the basic princi-ples of physical chemistry for designingspherical an

sules and particles. Application of gold nanoparticlesstrengthens the films, thus enabling controlled embedding ofcapsules and leading to fa

“ Biopolymers“ Molecular Motors and Filaments“ Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis“ Membranes and Vesicles“ Interfacial Phenomena“ Complex SystemsTHEORY &

The main objective of our research activitiesis to understand the hidden dimensions ofself-organization in biomimetic and biologi-cal systems

Fig. 2: Chemomechanical network for myosin V that steps along actin filaments. At each filament position x, x’,..., the chemical network of

10PersonalDie Entwicklung der Zahlen ist wesentlich dadurch beein-flusst, dass ab 2009 die neue Abteilung „Biomolekulare Sys-teme“ voll funkti

Ribosomes and Protein SynthesisRibosomes are rather complex molecular machines thatsynthesize proteins by translating the codon sequence

The interactions of nanoparticles with membranes and vesi-cles have been studied by the group of T. Weikl using MonteCarlo methods to minimize the

BIOPOLYMERSCarbohydrates are known to be important forcell-cell communication or in modifying theproperties of proteins and lipids in the extra-cel

References:[1] A. Varki et al., Essentials of Glycobiology. CSH Press, Cold SpringHarbor NY (2009). [2] Subgel Phase Structure in Monolayersof Glycosy

Conformational Selection and InducedChangesProtein binding and function often involvesconformational changes. The changes be -tween different

123References:[1] Weikl, T. R., and von Deuster, C.:Selected-fit versus induced-fit proteinbinding: Kinetic differences and muta-tional analysis. Prot

Active transport by molecular motors is ubiqui-tous in all eukaryotic cells. These motor pro-teins convert chemical energy into mechani-cal work whi

References:[1] Berger, F., Keller, C., Müller, M. J. I.,Klumpp, S., Lipowsky, R., Co-operativetransport molecular motors, Biochem. Soc.Trans., 39, 121

Actin is one of the most abundant and highlyconserved proteins in eukaryotic cells. Theglobular protein assembles into long fila-ments, whic

127References:[1] Kueh, H. Y. and Mitchison, T. J.Structural plasticity in actin and tubulinpolymer dynamics. Science 325, 960-963 (2009).[2] Niederma

11HaushaltDer institutionelle Etat, der 2009 einen Sprung wegen vielerInvestitionen und Baumaßnahmen mit Einrichtung der Ab -teilung „Biomolekul

128Lipid bilayers belong to the most importantstructural elements of biological cells. Forbiological function, a flexible and dynamici

129References:[1] Grafmüller, A., J. Shillcock, and R.Lipowsky, Physical Review Letters, .98(21) (2007).[2] Grafmüller, A., J. Shillcock, and R.Lipows

The interior of living cells is crowded withmacromolecules and organelles. The weightfraction of proteins, RNAs and polysaccha-rides is

nificantly reduces the interfacial energy by decreasing theinterfacial area between the two liquid phases.Fig. 3: (a-c) Side-view phase contras

Biological membranes are the ‘skin’ of our cellsand cell organelles. They consist of a largevariety of different lipids and proteins, andare high

Fig. 2: Minimal total energy E of a vesicle with two adsorbed particles as afunction of the particle distance r for the rescaled adhesion energy u=2.3

Assembly of Nano-Particles at ABDiblock Copolymer BrushesPolymer brushes, i.e., polymers denselyanchored to an interface have receivedmuch in

Field-regulated Force by Grafted PolyelectrolytesDuring the past couple of decades, investigations of theresponse of charged polymers, so-call

Degradation of mRNA and TranslationalControlDegradation of mRNA is one of the key pro -cesses that control gene expression in thecells. Tradit

tion, in the framework of the Marie-Curie ITN “NICHE” ProfZoya Ignatova and her lab at the University of Potsdam haveworked on the ribosomal profiles

03060901201502010 2011 20121998 1999 2000 20022001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009development of phd students foreign countriesgermany0204060801002

Physical processes and interactions constrainthe space of possible designs of biologicalsystems. In addition, however, biological pro -cesses al

Gene Regulation and Genetic Circuits The readout of individual genes is tightly regulated inresponse to intracellular and external signals

“ Organization Chart“ Scientific Advisory Board and Board of Trustees“ Third Party Funds“ Selected Events“ Scientific Degrees“ Appointments and Honors

Organigramm Organization ChartDirector: Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c. Peter Fratzl · Personal Assistant: Kerstin Gabbe· Biomimetic Actuation and Tissue Growth/Dr.

143Works CouncilThe Equal Opportunities CommissionersThe Ph.D. Students RepresentativesIT-Service GroupHead: Roy PfitznerMichael Born, Christian Büttn

144NameProf. Dr. Colin D. BainProf. Dr. Kurt BinderProf. Dr. Matthias DrießProf. Dr. Ruth DuncanProf. Dr. Michael GrunzeProf. Dr. Rüdiger IdenProf. Dr

145DrittmittelprojekteThird Party FundsBewilligungszeitraum01.05.2008-30.04.201101.06.2006-31.12.201101.05.2007-30.04.201101.04.2009-31.03.201401.02.2

146Bewilligungszeitraum01.10.2009-30.09.201401.07.2009-30.06.201101.11.2009-31.10.201401.06.2011-31.05.201301.09.2008-31.08.2013ProjektleiterProf. See

147Bewilligungszeitraum01.11.2008-30.04.201201.06.2010-31.05.201301.12.2010-31.07.201301.06.2011-30.04.201401.02.2012-31.01.201501.10.2011-30.09.20130

0510152025M €201 0 2011 20122005 2006 2007 2008 2009yearinstitutional and ex ternal fundsinstitutionalexternalk €development of third par ty fundsFore

Zusammenarbeit mitEADS Deutschland GmbH; Uni ver si da dede Aveiro, Portugal; Stiftelsen Sintef,Norwegen; Universität Paderborn;Mankiewic Gebr.&Co

Zusammenarbeit mitThe University of Manchester, Uni -ted Kingdom; Centre National de laRecherche Scientifique, Paris,France; Universität für Bodenkult

Zusammenarbeit mitThe University of Edinburgh, UKGenos Doo ZA Vjestacenje IAnanlizu, Osijek, CroatiaLudger Ltd, Abingdon, UKAzienda Ospedaliero-Univer

151Zusammenarbeit mitRijksuniversiteit Groningen,NetherlandsUniversität Potsdam, GermanyThe University Court of theUniversity of Aberdeen, UKAgencia E

Zusammenarbeit mitCharité - Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität Berlin; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulareGenetik; Deutsches Rheuma-For schung

153Zusammenarbeit mitDr. V.V. Volkov, Shubnikov Instituteof Crystallography, RAN, Moscow TU Berlin, GermanyNational Instiute for MaterialsScience (NIM

154Zusammenarbeit mit2 Subprojekte am Institut Technische Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität BerlinFreie Universität BerlinUniversität PotsdamFrit

155Bewilligungszeitraum01.10.2003-31.07.201301.10.2003-31.12.201329.06.2009-28.06.201101.01.09.2007-01.08.2008-31.07.201101.01.2009-31.12.201101.01.20

Ausländische Forschungsfinanzierer156Zusammenarbeit mitLAM Research AG, AustriaBewilligungszeitraum01.01.2009-30.05.201101.01.2010-31.03.201101.12.200

157Bewilligungszeitraum2011 und 20122011 und 20122011 und 20122012 und 2013ProjektleiterDr. ShchukinGFDr. TitiriciKCDr. DimovaTHDr. WagermaierBMZusamm

Vision und MissionKolloide sind winzige Bausteine, welche die grundlegendenEinheiten von lebenden Organismen und vielen anderen nütz -lichen Materia

158 · 10.-12. March 2011 The 5th Glycan Forum in BerlinHarnack-Haus, Berlin· 22.-23. June 2011 Trends in Colloid & Interface Sc

159Diploma ThesesDepartment of Biomaterials:Exploring Molecular Gradients in Byssal Threads of Mytilus Mussels. Universität Potsdam (2011).Department

160 Department of Biomolecular Systems:Automated Solid-Phase Oligosaccaride Synthesis of Conjugation-Ready Glycans. ETH Zü

161Department of InterfacesSize-dependent Wetting Behavior of Organic Molecules on Solid Surfaces. Universität Potsdam (2011).Physical-Chemical Charac

162HabilitationsDepartment of BiomaterialsProcesses in Living Bone and the Resulting Structural Changes - Computational Studies. Humboldt-Universität

163Biomaterials 2011Andert, J., E. Wessen, G. Borjesson and S. Hallin:Temporal changes in abundance and compositionof ammonia-oxidizing bacterial and

Kolednik, O., J. Predan, F. D. Fischer and P. Fratzl:Bioinspired Design Criteria for Damage-ResistantMaterials with Periodically VaryingMicrostructure

165Ruprecht, C., M. Mutwil, F. Saxe, M. Eder, Z. Nikoloski and S. Persson: Large-scale co-expression approach to dissect secondary cellwall formation

166Cornelius, T. W., A. Davydok, V. L. R. Jacques, R. Grifone, T. Schülli, M. I. Richard, G. Beutier, M. Verdier, T. H. Metzger, U. Pietsch and O.Thom

167Omelon, S., M. N. Dean, A. Masic, J. Georgiouand P. Fratzl: Evidence of polyphosphates andtheir distribution in active biological apatite min-erali

„Biomaterialien“ (Fratzl) und„Grenzflächen“ (Möhwald) fo kus -sieren ihre Arbeit dagegen auf die struk-turelle Analyse und physikalische Charakt

Biomolecular Systems 2011Adibekian, A., P. Stallforth, M. L. Hecht, D. B. Werz,P. Gagneux and P. H. Seeberger: Comparative bioin-formatics analysis of

Tamborrini, M., M. Bauer, M. Bolz, A. Maho, M.A. Oberli, D. B. Werz, E. Schelling, J. Zinsstag, P.H. Seeberger, J. Frey and G. Pluschke: Identi fica -

170Publications/Department of Colloid ChemistryColloid Chemistry 2011Ahmad, H., M. K. Hasan, M. A. J. Miah, A. M. I.Ali and K. Tauer: Solvent effect o

Haase, A., J. Tentschert, H. Jungnickel, P. Graf, A.Mantion, F. Draude, J. Plendl, M. E. Goetz, A.Galla, A. Masic, A. F. Thünemann, A. Taubert, H. F.A

Shkilnyy, A., S. Schone, C. Rumplasch, A.Uhlmann, A. Hedderich, C. Gunter and A. Taubert:Calcium phosphate mineralization with linearpoly(ethylene imi

173Yuan, J. Y., A. G. Marquez, J. Reinacher, C.Giordano, J. Janek and M. Antonietti: Nitrogen-doped carbon fibers and membranes by car-bonization of e

174Green, D. C., S. Glatzel, A. M. Collins, A. J. Patiland S. R. Hall: A New General Synthetic Strategyfor Phase-Pure Complex Functional Materials. In

175Schliehe, C., J. Yuan, S. Glatzel, K.Siemensmeyer, K. Kiefer and C. Giordano: IronNitride and Carbide: from CrystallineNanoparticles to Stable Aque

Yuan, J. Y., S. Wunder, F. Warmuth and Y. Lu:Spherical polymer brushes with vinylimidazolium-type poly(ionic liquid) chains as support for metal-lic n

Interfaces 2011Akentiev, A. V., A. Y. Bilibin, I. M. Zorin, S. Y. Lin,G. Loglio, R. Miller and B. A. Noskov: Scanningprobe microscopy of adsorption la

Programme für Doktorandinnen und DoktorandenEin starkes Engagement für die Ausbildung von DoktorandIn-nen ist Markenzeichen unseres Instituts. Die ers

Gaponik, N., D. G. Shchukin and D. V. Sviridov:Electrochemical Patterning of Polyaniline on Insu -lating Substrates. In: Zeitschrift für Physikali sch

179Publications/Department of InterfacesLatnikova, A., D. O. Grigoriev, J. Hartmann, H.Möhwald and D. G. Shchukin: Polyfunctionalactive coatings with

Santini, E., J. Krägel, F. Ravera, L. Liggieri and R. Miller: Study of the monolayer structure andwetta bility properties of silica nanoparticles andC

181Publications/Department of InterfacesWang, Z. P., A. G. Skirtach, Y. Xie, M. Y. Liu, H.Möhwald and C. Y. Gao: Core-Shell Poly(allyaminehydrochlorid

Publications/Department of InterfacesFix, D., S. Puchegger, C. Pilz-Allen, P. Roschger, S.Blouin, P. Fratzl and R. Weinkamer: Functionalmapping of bon

Kohler, D., N. Madaboosi, M. Delcea, S. Schmidt,B. G. De Geest, D. V. Volodkin, H. Möhwald andA. G. Skirtach: Patchiness of Embedded Particlesand Film

184Publications/Department of InterfacesShchukina, E. M. and D. G. Shchukin: Layer-by-lay-er coated emulsion microparticles as storage anddelivery too

185Yan, X. H., J. Blacklock, J. B. Li and H. Möhwald:One-Pot Synthesis of Polypeptide-Gold Nanocon -ju gates for in Vitro Gene Transfection. In: ACSNa

186Publications/Department of Theory & Bio-SystemsTheory & Bio-Systems 2011Berger, F., C. Keller, M. J. I. Müller, S. Klumpp andR. Lipowsky: C

Brilliantov, N. V. and C. Seidel: Graftedpolyelectro lyte in strong electric field under load:Field-regulated force and chain contraction. In:EPL 97,

17The Research Program of the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPICI)Colloids are small building blocks which constitute the basicunit

188Publications/Department of Theory & Bio-SystemsRusconi, M., A. Valleriani, J. W. C. Dunlop, J.Kurths and R. Weinkamer: Quantitative approachto

Bhf.GolmOrientierungskartenMapsSo erreichen Sie uns von Potsdam Hauptbahnhof:Buslinien: 605, 606, X5 (bis Wissenschaftspark Golm)Regionalbahn (RB): bi

Bhf.GolmOrientierungskartenMapsSo erreichen Sie uns von Potsdam Hauptbahnhof:Buslinien: 605, 606, X5 (bis Wissenschaftspark Golm)Regionalbahn (RB): bi

“Biomolecular Systems” in 2009. In orderto strengthen its core expertise on structur-al analysis and physical characterizationafter the retireme

training will also be useful for doctoral students, who intendto pursue a career outside academia in pharmacology, bio-engineering, and medicine.

Nationale Kooperationen:Zwischen dem Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenz -flächenforschung (MPIKG) und der Universität Potsdambesteh

Editorial BoardsUnsere Wissenschaftler fungieren als Gutachter und Beratervon fachspezifischen Zeitschriften und Journalen. In der fol-genden Liste

National Co-operationsThe Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPICI)and the University Potsdam maintain since its foundationintens

Editorial and Advisory BoardsScientists serve as reviewers and advisors for many journals.Therefore listed are only activities as editor and member of

24Im Jahre 2000 etablierte das Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid-und Grenzflächenforschung (MPIKG) gemeinsam mit der Universität Potsdam die „In

In the year 2000, the MPI of Colloids and Interfaces (MPICI),together with the University of Potsdam, established anInternational Max Planck

Das Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenfor-schung informiert innerhalb seiner Presse- und Öffentlich-keitsarbeit über die wis

Press and Public Relations at the Max Planck Institute ofColloids and Interfaces serve as the interface betweenthe scientists' work and the publ

Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesRESEARCH REPORT 2011-2012

“ Biological Materials“ Biological and Bio-inspired Materials BIOMATERIALS

The Departments focuses on biomaterialsresearch in a somewhat broader sense: • by using materials science approaches forstudying structure-functi

ically oriented research on bone diseases, such as osteoporo-sis and osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease) is car-ried out in close colla

Visiting ScholarsSeveral experienced scientists have been spending signifi-cant time in the Department. Franz Dieter Fischer, professorof mecha

The most widely studied hard biomaterials of vertebrates arethe bones and teeth of mammals, but these represent just asmall proportion of the overall

Proteins are the primary building blocks ofcountless biological materials ranging fromspider silk and tendon collagen to hair andcornea. Th

tion of a critical phase transition between an ordered -heli-cal protein structure and a disordered protein structure dur-ing the yield plateau. Base

After cellulose chitin is the second mostabundant natural bio-macromolecule. Forexample, it forms the cell walls of fungi,plays major

Fig. 2: Element-specific spectroscopy at the N and Zn K-edges showingthe histidine-Zn complexation from the point of view of both the metalion (Zn) an

0ImprintPublisher: Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAddress: Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 PotsdamPhone: +49 (0) 331

Complex biological materials, such as bone,silk or wood, often exhibit outstanding me -chanical properties, a feature that can bedirect

Nature is successful in forming complex hierarchical compos-ites with properties far superior to the properties of each con-stituent. The building blo

Bone health is intimately linked to the pro -cesses of bone mineralization, remodelingand healing. The control of these processesoccurs at

tices of horses and dogs, finding variations in the order notonly between different bones of one animal, but also for dif-ferent anatomical location

Plants are sessile. This means they are boundto a certain location in a given environment.To be successful under these circumstances,plants have devel

Fig. 2: Structural and mechanical studies on Arabidopsis hypocotyls (A),x-ray diffractograms of the apical hook (B) and ~ 5 mm below (C), diagram show

Many biological materials have excellentmechanical properties and they often showunique capabilities such as the ability to re -generate. There

Mineralization in Healthy and Diseased BoneNew insights into the mineralization of bone could be achie -ved by applying a unique combination of qua

Amorphous Calcium Carbonate/Calcium Phosphate MixturesMany of the most complex mineral struc-tures found in nature are not from geologi-cal ori

Nature shows many examples of nanocomposite tissues con-stituted of soft materials that are reinforced by complex archi-tectures of stiff component

3INHALTSVERZEICHNISTABLE OF CONTENTSVorwort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Systematic studies of biologically formedmaterials have showed that they haveremarkable properties. Nature thus not onlyprovides us with i

The simulations indicate that physical processes of magneto-some diffusion, guided by their magnetic interactions, are notsufficient for the chain for

Biological materials, in addition to havingremarkable physical property combinationssuch as high toughness and stiffness, canalso change

the overall curvature driven growth. As such the 2D geomet-ric model has been extended to 3D (Fig. 2B). In this model,much akin to the Laplace

“ Carbohydrate Synthesis“ Host Microbe Interactions“ (GPIs) and Glycoproteins“ Biomolecular Systems“ Precision Polymers and Polymeric Biomimetics “ Gl

The Department for Biomolecular Systemsconducts research at the interface ofchemistry, engineering, biology, immu no -logy and medicine. The a

Carbohydrate-based NanotechnologyThe attachment of carbohydrates to the surface to nanoparti-cles has been expanded across many platforms. Glycosylat-

56Sequencing and synthesis of peptides andoligonucleotides have been successfullyautomated. Given the structural diversityand complexity

Automated Solid Phase Synthesis of Alginates.For the first time the automated platform was utilized by oth-er groups in 2012. In collaboration w

4Biomolecular SystemsMicroreactors as Tools for Organic Chemists · Dr. D. T. McQuade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are play-ing important role in human health and thefight against harmful pathogens. This bur-geoning field

Clostridium DifficileFollowing immunological studies, the C. diff. PS-I antigen isentering challenge studies (Fig. 3). In addition, the PS-II

Pathogens invading humans often expressglycan structures on the cell surface thatinteract with the host receptors and cell sur-face targets.

Synthetic oligosaccharides, based on bacterial cell surface gly-cans, are prepared by the vaccine chemistry group. We prepareglycoconjugates of these

Glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) are com-plex glycolipids that are found in eukaryoticcells either attached to the C-terminus of pro -teins o

Fig. 3: a) Contour plots of corrected X-ray intensities as a function of in-plane (Qxy) and out-of-plane (Qz) scattering vector components of mono-lay

64BIOMOLECULAR SYSTEMSDavid Tyler McQuade 18.08.19711989-1993: Bachelor of Science majoringin Chemistry and Biology (University ofCalifornia-Irvine, C

Over the past 8 years, the MTOC team has developed a widerange of flow reactor-based chemistries.[4] Most recently,the team has focused on transf

Precision PolymersOver the past decades, polymer-based mate-rials have evolved as a powerful tool in bio-medical and pharmacological applicationse.

Glycopolymers for Receptor TargetingSpecial focus is devoted to the combination of our precisionpolymers with sugar ligands. Such carbohydrate ligands

5Non-Planar InterfacesActive Interfaces and Coatings · Dr. D. Shchukin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Innate immunity is of crucial importance as afirst line of defense against invading patho -gens. Particularly, dendritic cells (DCs) playa pivotal r

References:[1] Hütter, J., Rödig, J. V., Höper, D.,Reichl, U., Seeberger, P. H., Rapp, E.*and Lepenies, B.*, Toward animal cellculture-based influenza

Carbohydrate structures represent a funda-mental class of biopolymers and have beenidentified as important mediators of manyrecognition proc

Since Fesik’s first description of this procedure, many aca-demic groups build on these findings and developed relatedtechniques [6]. While th

72Numerous so-called glycoconjugates are cru-cial key players of intercellular communica-tion. Information between cells is often me -diated by secre

73with state of the art separation technologies enables us toobtain glycosylated amino acids that can further be modifiedto be used in standard solid

“ Heterophase Polymerization“ Porous Polymers“ Chimera Polymers and Novel Synthetic Methods“ Modern Techniques of Colloid Analysis“ Hydrothermal Carbo

Scientific ProfileThe overall size of the Department of ColloidChemistry is about 65 people, covering awide range of research topics. The effect

Polymeric Ionic LiquidsPolymerized ionic liquids or poly (ionic liquid)s (PILs) are usu-ally synthesized by polymerization of ionic liquid (IL)

Dieser Bericht beschreibtdie Aktivitäten des Max-Planck-Instituts für Kolloid- undGrenzflächenforschung (MPIKG), das1992 gegründet wurde und se

· Based on paper as a reactant and printing of metal salts, weexpect to develop a simple access to functional catalyticarrays and electrodes v

79Visions and Future Perspectives for the Next YearsThe special situation with a change of overall 75% of thegroup leader positions promo

Polymer Dispersions/Heterophase PolymerizationsColloidal processes are omnipresent in thechemical industry and particularly in polymerchemistry,

Poly(Ionic Liquids) as Stabilizers in Emulsion Polymerization Poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) nanoparticles were for the first timeapplied as sole st

Porous polymers represent a flourishing areaof research, which is driven by both: acade-mic and industrial interest. Porous polymersare relevant in a

A contrary concept is the use of copolymerization methods inorder to tune the optical badgap of CMPs. Introducing thio-phene units into a spirobifluo

Bioconjugates and biohybrid copolymers areinteresting materials for the generation of“smart” functional colloids and hierarchicalstructur

copolymers with an amine core, similar trends were observedas for star copolymers with a carboxylic acid core, althoughthe presence of a chaotropic sa

The investigation of structure/property rela-tionships and chemical synthesis/structurerelationships of both natural and syntheticcolloida

are embedded in the flakes of the microparticle. Upon laserirradiation at 532 nm, the hybrid microparticle melts due toplasmonic heating of gold nanop

Interesses stehen die Struktur-Funktions-Beziehungen diesernatürlichen Materialien, insbesondere ihre außergewöhn-lichen mechanischen Eigenschafte

IntroductionPorous carbon materials are becoming ofincreasing interest to the developing appli-cation fields of energy storage [1] (e.g. elec-tro

Hydrothermal Carbon-based Nanostructured HollowSpheres (HS) as Electrode Materials for High-PowerLithium-Sulfur BatteriesFor addressing efficient, che

IntroductionCeramic materials are largely present in oureveryday life in many different fields, from(bio)medicine to electronics, catalysis, pho-toc

From Paper to Carbon Electrodes by PrintingBio-structures display a high degree of complexity and can beused to bring features such as porosity, high

Poly(ionic liquid)s for Functional MaterialsPoly(ionic liquid)s or polymerized ionic liq-uids (PILs), stand for a special subclass ofpolye

Foreign salts were an additional tool to modulate their solu-tion behaviour. While KBr shifted the transition to high tem-peratures, tetrabutylphospho

IntroductionOrganic conjugated oligomers and polymersare an important class of semiconductormaterials, attracting great interest in appli-cations

MethodologyIn the first instance, and employing the CMPs synthesizedaccording to knowledge already gathered, heterogeneousphotocatalytic

“ Independent Researchers“ (Quasi) Planar Interfaces – Fluid Interfaces“ Solid Interfaces“ Non-Planar InterfacesINTERFACES